Hidden Surface Removal One of the most challenging problems in computer graphics is the removal of hidden parts from images of solid objects. In real life, the opaque material of these objects obstructs the light rays from hidden parts and prevents us from seeing...
Three Dimensional Graphics The 2D can show two-dimensional objects. Like the Bar chart, pie chart, graphs. But some more natural objects can be represented using 3D. Using 3D, we can see different shapes of the object in different sections. In 3D when a translation is...
Pointing and Positioning Techniques Pointing technique refers to look at the items already on the screen whereas the positioning technique refers to position the item on the screen to a new position, i.e., the old current position. The user indicates a position on the...
Computer Graphics Window: The method of selecting and enlarging a portion of a drawing is called windowing. The area chosen for this display is called a window. The window is selected by world-coordinate. Sometimes we are interested in some portion of the object and...
Introduction of Transformations Computer Graphics provide the facility of viewing object from different angles. The architect can study building from different angles i.e. Front Evaluation Side elevation Top plan A Cartographer can change the size of charts and...
Filled Area Primitives: Region filling is the process of filling image or region. Filling can be of boundary or interior region as shown in fig. Boundary Fill algorithms are used to fill the boundary and flood-fill algorithm are used to fill the interior. Boundary...
Scan Converting a Ellipse: The ellipse is also a symmetric figure like a circle but is four-way symmetry rather than eight-way. Program to Implement Ellipse Drawing Algorithm: #include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> #include<graphics.h>...
Bresenham's Circle Algorithm: Scan-Converting a circle using Bresenham's algorithm works as follows: Points are generated from 90° to 45°, moves will be made only in the +x & -y directions as shown in fig: The best approximation of the true circle will be...
Defining a Circle: Circle is an eight-way symmetric figure. The shape of circle is the same in all quadrants. In each quadrant, there are two octants. If the calculation of the point of one octant is done, then the other seven points can be calculated easily by using...
Scan Conversion on Line Generation Algorithm Scan Conversion defer is a process of representing graphics objects a collection of pixels that is 1(on set) or 0 (offset). In general, a line consist of connecting two points. It is a basic in computer graphics. In order...
Introduction of Computer Graphics Generally, it is difficult to display an image of any size on the computer screen. This method is simplified by using Computer graphics. Graphics on the computer are produced by using various algorithms and techniques. This tutorial...
Relational Algebra The part of mathematics in which letters and other general symbols are used to represent numbers and quantities in formula and equations. Ex: (x + y) · z = (x · z) + (y · z). The main application of relational algebra is providing a theoretical...
Components of the Database System Environment There are five major components in the database system environment and their interrelationships are. Hardware Software Data Users Procedures Hardware: The hardware is the actual computer system used for keeping and...
What is DBMS? A Database Management System (DBMS) is a collection of interrelated data and a set of programs to access those data. Database management systems (DBMS) are computer software applications that interact with the user, other applications, and the database...
Scoping is one of the superpowers that eloquent grants to developers when querying a model. Scopes allow developers to add constraints to queries for a given model. In simple terms laravel scope is just a query, a query to make the code shorter and faster. We can...